CO129-467 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1921 [1-5] — Page 523

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dead kinsmen. You will observe the large number of clansmen who witness the deed. They are all of the surname Leung though this is nowhere mentioned. The only exception is Ng Yiu Tun, who is the maternal uncle. He is the brother of Ng Shi, who is the wife of the dead man to whom the adoption is being made. As he automatically becomes maternal uncle of the adopted boy he signs the deed. Women rarely sign deeds in China, but in adoptions the natural mother signs as she is divesting herself of all rights over the boy. In this particular case, the adopted boy was the son of a remote and needy kinsman of the adopter. He immediately became heir to Leung Wo Lem, was charged when he grew up with the duty of looking after the sacre of the dead man, and inherited property amounting to some 850,000.

2. I attach marked B a Sung Tip for the transfer of a mui tsai. It is in the common form and the original which I have in my possession was actually used to affect a transfer. I have

translated the document literally, but I hope the notes which

I have appended will made the meaning clear.

3. It is very difficult to understand either adoption or the

mui tsai system, detached from their proper setting.

Their proper setting is the Chinese family system considered as

a whole.

Under this system there is the most rigid application of agnatic kinship. No one is of the kin, who is not of the surname. The

Chinese do not regard the brothers of a mother es uncles, nor do

they regard the sons of sisters as nephews. It is incest to

marry a person of your own surname, so it is impossible that the

brothers of a mother, or the sons of a sister should be of the

same name.

The name in Chinese for the sons of a sister gives the key to

the whole business. Such persons are naturally regarded as very close connections, they are called "Ngoi Shang" and this means

"Outside born".

What are they born outside of? They are born outside of, and

are